Saliva electrophoretic protein profiles in infants: changes with age and impact of teeth eruption and diet transition

Objective

The objective of this study was to describe the changes in salivary protein profiles in infants between the ages of 3 and 6 months, and to evaluate the impact of teeth eruption and introduction of solid foods on such profiles.

Design

73 infants were followed longitudinally at 3 and 6 months of age. Their whole saliva proteins were separated by SDS–PAGE electrophoresis and semi-quantified by image analysis. Amylase activity was also measured on a sub-sample of the population (n = 42 infants). Bands which abundance was significantly different between the two ages according to paired comparisons were identified by mass spectrometry techniques.

Results

Out of 21 bands, 13 were significantly different between 3 and 6 months of age. Two short variants of amylase increased in abundance with age, as did amylase activity. Other changes possibly translated developmental physiological events, for example maturation of the adaptive immune system. The balance between S-type cystatins and cystatins A and B was modified, in favour of S-type cystatins at 6 months of age. Teeth eruption resulted in an increase in albumin abundance, whilst introduction of solid foods was associated with higher levels of β-2 microglobulin and S-type cystatins.

Conclusions

Salivary profiles were modified substantially between the ages of 3 and 6 months. Both teeth eruption and diet had an impact on abundance changes for some proteins, revealing dynamic interactions between saliva proteome, oral physiology and diet.     

硅溶胶的浓度对磷酸盐包埋料性能的影响

目的 评价硅溶胶浓度对包埋料性能的影响。方法 分别使用SiO2含量为0％、10％、20％、30％、40%的硅溶胶调拌包埋同一包埋料，检测气孔率、抗压强度、凝固膨胀率和热膨胀率．并包埋铸造100个钴铬合金帽状修复体，检测边缘浮出量。结果 当硅溶胶的浓度小于20％时，随着硅溶胶浓度的提高，凝固膨胀和热膨胀明显增大，铸件的边缘浮出量明显减小；当硅溶胶浓度在20％-40％时，随着硅溶胶浓度的提高，抗压强度明显增大，铸件的边缘浮出量变化不大。结论 使用SiO2含量为30％左右的硅溶胶所得的包埋料各方面性能都较优良，建议使用30％左右的硅溶胶。     

应用蛋白质组学研究白斑差异表达蛋白

目的:通过筛选口腔白斑及正常黏膜组织的差异表达蛋白,为研究白斑发生机制提供实验依据。方法:收集口腔白斑组织及正常口腔黏膜组织,提取组织蛋白,进行二维电泳,选择在表达差异量较大的11个点进行质谱和生物信息学分析,确定所分析的蛋白质类型。结果:人口腔白斑及正常黏膜组织的二维电泳图谱的平均蛋白质点数分别为1726±67和1608±73,蛋白质点重复性较好。人口腔白斑与正常黏膜组织的双向凝胶电泳图谱,差异表达蛋白质点数为38个,其中16个点在白斑中为高标达,22个点在白斑中为低表达,选择11个表达差异量较大的蛋白质点进行质谱和生物信息学分析,鉴定出其中的5个点,分别为膜联蛋白A2,角蛋白8,角蛋白1,II型角蛋白亚基,免疫球蛋白(Ig)κ型轻链的恒定区(C区)片段等。结论:膜联蛋白A2,角蛋白8,角蛋白1,II型角蛋白亚基,Igκ型轻链的C区片段等在口腔白斑发生发展过程中发生了改变。     

An in vitro biological and anti-bacterial study on a sol–gel derived silver-incorporated bioglass system

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and biological activity of silver-incorporated bioactive glass system SiO(2)-CaO-P(2)O(5)-Ag(2)O (AgBG). The bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties of this new quaternary glass system along with the ternary sol-gel glass system SiO(2)-CaO-P(2)O(5) (BG) have been studied using Escherichia coli as a test micro-organism. The AGBG system thus appears to be a promising material for dental applications, since similar effects might be produced on a film of bacteria and mucous that grows on the teeth. METHODS: The SiO(2)-CaO-P(2)O(5)-Ag(2)O and SiO(2)-CaO-P(2)O(5) glass systems were synthesized by the sol-gel technique and characterized for their physicho-chemical properties. The antibacterial activity and biological properties were evaluated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Release of Ag(+) into the culture medium was measured by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis. RESULTS: The in vitro antibacterial action of the SiO(2)-CaO-P(2)O(5)-Ag(2)O was compared with that of its ternary counterpart glass system. The concentrations of Ag-bioglass, in the range of 0.02-0.20mg of Ag-bioglass per millilitre of culture medium, were found to inhibit the growth of these bacteria. The Ag-bioglass not only acts bacteriostatically but it also elicited a rapid bactericidal action. A complete bactericidal effect was elicited in the early stages of the incubation at Ag-bioglass concentration of 20mg/ml and the ternary glass system had no effect on bacterial growth or viability. The antibacterial action of Ag-bioglass was exclusively attributed to the leaching of Ag(+) ions from the glass matrix. SIGNIFICANCE: One of the major advantages of incorporating silver ions into a gel glass system is that the porous glass matrix can allow for controlled sustained delivery of the antibacterial agent to dental material, used even under anaerobic conditions such as deep in the periodontal pocket. This glass system also provides long-term action required for systems which are constantly at risk of microbial contamination.     

芦荟凝胶用于治疗儿童口腔复发性溃疡的临床观察

目的:检验芦荟凝胶治疗儿童复发性口腔溃疡的疗效。方法:自行研制芦荟凝胶,以中药开喉剑喷雾剂作为对照,检验其治疗儿童复发性口腔溃疡的临床效果。结果:芦荟凝胶与开喉剑喷雾剂的效果相当,在缩小溃疡面积、改善充血情况、减轻疼痛、减少溃疡数目方面均没有显著差异。结论:芦荟凝胶对于儿童复发性口腔溃疡具有较好的临床治疗效果,是较理想的儿童口腔辅助药物。     

他克莫司阳离子微乳凝胶的兔眼刺激性研究及房水药动学研究

目的 研究他克莫司阳离子微乳凝胶对兔眼的刺激性及房水药动学。方法 通过HE染色处理的兔眼组织病理切片观察该制剂的眼部刺激性。采用角膜穿刺术抽取兔眼房水,通过液相色谱-质谱联用仪进行房水药动学研究。结果 他克莫司阳离子微乳凝胶对兔眼无明显刺激性,其房水药动学参数AUC为(128.34±13.09)ng·h/ml,是他克莫司阳离子纳米乳AUC(113.61±12.36)ng·h/ml的1.13倍,是市售他克莫司滴眼液Talymus^?AUC(68.25±10.82) ng·h/ml的1.88倍。结论 他克莫司阳离子微乳凝胶眼部刺激性小、滞留时间长且生物利用度高,具有较好的临床应用前景。     

二甲双胍亚硝胺杂质研究及亲水凝胶骨架材料的筛选

目的 探讨不同亲水凝胶骨架材料与盐酸二甲双胍(metformin hydrochloride,MET)降解生成N-二甲基亚硝胺(N-dimethylnitrosamine,NDMA)之间的相关性,筛选合适的骨架材料用于制备MET缓释片。方法 以高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱为NDMA监测手段,通过原辅料相容性考察确定产生NDMA风险较低的骨架材料,而后考察溶胀性能,确定溶胀作用与参比制剂相似的骨架材料,将筛选出的骨架材料制备缓释片后考察其体外溶出和剂量倾泻的行为。结果 原辅料相容性考察发现羟丙甲纤维素(hypromellose,HPMC)是引起MET降解产生NDMA的主要原因,并筛选出溶胀作用与HPMC相似的卡波姆,以其为骨架材料制备缓释片可获得与参比制剂相似的溶出曲线,且剂量倾泻风险较低,产品稳定性良好。结论 卡波姆可作为HPMC的替代材料,用于制备MET缓释片。     

促渗剂对后交联祖师麻凝胶贴膏体外经皮渗透影响的研究

目的 考察不同促渗剂对后交联祖师麻凝胶贴膏中药效成分祖师麻甲素体外经皮渗透特性的影响,筛选出其最佳的透皮促渗剂。方法 采用Franz扩散池法,以离体小鼠皮肤和Strat-M™膜为渗透屏障进行体外透皮试验,采用单因素及正交试验法,以祖师麻甲素72 h内单位面积的累积透过量为评价指标,考察冰片、薄荷脑、樟脑对祖师麻甲素的促渗效果。结果 以离体小鼠皮肤和Strat-M™人工膜为透皮屏障时,祖师麻甲素72 h内单位面积的累积透过量分别为33.85,15.96 μg·cm^-2,稳态透皮速率分别为4.451 2,2.394 5 μg·cm^-2·h^-1,增渗倍数分别可达4.255 0,1.746 4。结论 后交联祖师麻凝胶贴膏以1%薄荷脑、1%冰片、2%樟脑联用时促渗效果最佳。     

自体肋软骨联合硅胶假体鼻整形效果探讨

目的:探讨自体肋软骨联合硅胶假体在鼻整形中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2015年5月-2017年5月笔者医院接受鼻整形的105例就医者临床资料,通过治疗方式不同分为观察组55例和对照组50例,对照组使用硅胶假体隆鼻,观察组使用自体肋软骨联合硅胶假体隆鼻,比较两组手术情况、鼻部塑形效果、二次手术率及并发症发生情况。结果:两组手术成功率、愈合时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组手术时间明显长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。和术后3个月时比较,观察组术后12个月时鼻根高、鼻面角、鼻尖角、鼻额角差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组术后12个月时鼻根高、鼻面角、鼻尖角均明显降低(P<0.05),且术后12个月时,观察组鼻根高、鼻面角、鼻尖角均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组二次手术率为3.64%(2/55)明显低于对照组的16.00%(8/50),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=4.646,P=0.031)。观察组术后并发症总发生率为14.55%明显低于对照组的32.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:和单用硅胶假体相比,自体肋软骨联合硅胶假体用于鼻整形中效果更加显著,具有鼻部塑形效果满意、二次手术率低、并发症少等特点,临床应用价值高。